焦点讯息:moho 手册汉化 003
Tutorial 1.3: Drawing Complex Shapes
(资料图)
This tutorial follows on the previous one, and teaches you how to draw more complex shapes. You can either continue with the project you created in Tutorial 1.2, or you can open a file provided for you named “Tutorial 1.2”. This file can be found in the “Tutorials/1 - Basics” subfolder within your custom content folder. The file you’re starting this tutorial with should look something like the following:
本教程在上一教程的基础上,教你如何绘制更复杂的形状。 您可以继续使用在教程 1.2 中创建的项目,也可以打开为您提供的名为“教程 1.2”的文件。 该文件可以在自定义内容文件夹中的“Tutorials/1 - Basics”子文件夹中找到。 您开始本教程的文件应如下所示:
Creating a New Layer
Click the New Layer button in the Layer window to create a new layer. In the popup menu that appears, choose “Vector”.
单击“图层”窗口中的“新建图层”按钮以创建新图层。 在出现的弹出菜单中,选择“矢量”。
You can assign the name “Clouds” to the new layer when you create it, or doubleclick this new layer and rename it “Clouds” in the Layer Settings dialog.
您可以在创建新图层时为其指定名称“云”,或者双击此新图层并在“图层设置”对话框中将其重命名为“云”。
Now select the Add Point tool. Click the Reset button in the Style panel to reset the colors to their default. Set the line width to 1.
现在选择添加点工具。
单击“样式”面板中的“重置”按钮将颜色重置为默认值。 将线宽设置为 1。
Click to set the start point for a new line segment. Without releasing the mouse, drag the cursor and release the mouse to create the end of the segment. The finished segment is shown below.
单击以设置新线段的起点。 在不释放鼠标的情况下,拖动光标并释放鼠标以创建段的结尾。完成的段如下所示。
Next, click on the end of the new line segment and drag to stretch the curve out like this:
接下来,单击新线段的末端并拖动以将曲线拉长,如下所示:
Do this a few more times until you have the curve below:
再做几次,直到你得到下面的曲线:
The key point to remember is in order to extend a curve, you need to click on one of its endpoints and then drag the mouse to where you want the new point to be. Remember, if you make a mistake at any time, just choose the Edit > Undo menu command.
Now we’re going to add a second puff to the cloud. Move your mouse to the point just before the end of the previous segment. The “Auto Weld” option for the Add Point tool should be turned on by default. When turned on, the node will turn green
要记住的关键点是为了延长曲线,您需要单击其端点之一,然后将鼠标拖动到您希望新点所在的位置。 请记住,如果您在任何时候出错,只需选择“编辑”>“撤消”菜单命令。
现在我们要向云中添加第二次粉扑。 将鼠标移动到上一段结束之前的点。 添加点工具的“自动焊接”选项应默认打开。 开启后,节点会变成绿色
when you can automatically weld the new segment to the existing one. When Auto Fill is turned on, the cloud will automatically fill with color when the shape is closed.
Click on the second to last point in the curve, and drag down and to the right, as shown below. When you use the Add Point tool on a point that is in the middle of a curve, what happens is that you start a new curve that is automatically welded to that point in the first curve. These two curves are permanently joined at that point, which becomes important when we get to filling the shape with color. Here’s what your project should look like after adding the new curve segment:
单击曲线中倒数第二个点,然后向下向右拖动,如下图所示。 当您在曲线中间的点上使用添加点工具时,您会开始一条新曲线,该曲线会自动焊接到第一条曲线中的该点。 这两条曲线在该点永久连接,当我们用颜色填充形状时,这变得很重要。 添加新曲线段后,您的项目应如下所示:
Add some points to the end of this new curve to get the shape below. Remember, to add a point to the end of a curve, click just on the last point of that curve.
在这条新曲线的末端添加一些点以获得下面的形状。 请记住,要在曲线的末端添加一个点,只需单击该曲线的最后一个点。
Finally, add two or three more points at the beginning of the original curve. When you add the last point, drag it over to the right and line it up with the next to last point of the second curve before letting go of the mouse. Moho will automatically weld those points together and fill the cloud with color to get the final shape below:
最后,在原始曲线的开头再添加两个或三个点。 添加最后一个点时,将其向右拖动并与第二条曲线的倒数第二个点对齐,然后松开鼠标。 Moho 会自动将这些点焊接在一起,并用颜色填充云以获得下面的最终形状:
Sometimes it can be hard to follow this sequence of steps - let’s take a moment to watch a movie of the cloud being created in Moho. Pay special attention to where the mouse is clicked in order to weld the two curves together.
有时可能很难遵循这一系列步骤 - 让我们花点时间观看在 Moho 中创建的云的电影。 请特别注意单击鼠标的位置,以便将两条曲线焊接在一起。
We will add a line effect to make the cloud a bit softer. In the Style window, check the Advanced button to display the advanced style options. Select ‘Soft Edge’ from the Stroke Effect pop-up menu. Accept the default settings and click OK.
我们将添加线条效果,使云更柔和一些。 在样式窗口中,选中高级按钮以显示高级样式选项。 从“描边效果”弹出菜单中选择“软边缘”。 接受默认设置并单击确定。
Now would be a good time to select the File > Preview command to see what your final result looks like:
现在是选择“文件”>“预览”命令来查看最终结果的好时机:
A Second Cloud
Let’s make another cloud. With the Clouds layer selected, choose Edit > Select All from the menu. Now choose Edit > Copy, followed by Edit > Paste. Next, pick the Transform Points tool from the toolbar. In the working area, click and drag to the right to move the new cloud away from the original. (When you paste an object from the clipboard, it is positioned directly on top of the original.)
让我们再做一个云。 选择云层后,从菜单中选择编辑 > 全选。 现在选择“编辑”>“复制”,然后选择“编辑”>“粘贴”。 接下来,从工具栏中选择变换点工具。
在工作区域中,单击并向右拖动以将新云从原来的位置移开。 (当您从剪贴板粘贴对象时,它直接位于原始对象的顶部。)
Use the Transform Points tool to resize this new cloud, making it larger or smaller than the original, as preferred (here we make ours larger)
使用变换点工具调整这个新云的大小,使其比原来的更大或更小,根据喜好(这里我们让我们的更大)
The Transform Points tool can resize an object both vertically and horizontally, and will scale whether or not the object is selected beforehand. In this case, we don’t really want to change the cloud’s shape like that. With the Transform Points tool active, click and drag one of the corner handles that appears around the cloud, thus making it smaller or larger without changing its overall shape. Continue using the Transform Points tool until you get the new cloud in a position you like.
变换点工具可以在垂直和水平方向调整对象的大小,并且无论对象是否被预先选择都会缩放。 在这种情况下,我们真的不想像那样改变云的形状。 激活变换点工具后,单击并拖动出现在云周围的角手柄之一,从而使其变小或变大而不改变其整体形状。 继续使用变换点工具,直到您将新云置于您喜欢的位置。
To deselect all of the points in the cloud, use the Edit > Select None command, or press the Enter key, or click outside the cloud to de-select the points.
Now you can use the Transform Points tool to click and drag individual points to reshape the second cloud.
In this case, since only one point is selected at a time, the Transform Points tool is used to re-shape the cloud, not move the entire object. Just re-shape a few points here and there so that the two clouds don’t look exactly the same
要取消选择云中的所有点,请使用“编辑”>“选择无”命令,或按 Enter 键,或单击云外以取消选择这些点。
现在您可以使用变换点工具单击并拖动各个点来重塑第二个云。
在这种情况下,由于一次只选择一个点,因此使用变换点工具来重新塑造云,而不是移动整个对象。 只需在这里和那里重新塑造几个点,使两朵云看起来不完全相同。
Plant a Tree
Good - we’re moving right along, but this scene needs some plant life. Add a new layer to the project by clicking the new layer button in the Layer window. Again, choose “Vector” from the popup menu. Name it “Tree”.
好 - 我们正在继续前进,但这个场景需要一些植物生命。 通过单击图层窗口中的新图层按钮,将新图层添加到项目中。 再次,从弹出菜单中选择“矢量”。 将其命名为“树”。
Select a brown fill color from the Style panel. Set Stroke Width to 4, and set the effect to
从“样式”面板中选择棕色填充颜色。 将 Stroke Width 设置为 4,并将效果设置为
Using the Add Point tool, along with the welding feature, draw a shape that resembles the trunk of a tree.
Here are a few things to remember as you go: First, you can always use the Edit > Undo command to back up if you make a mistake.
Second, you can switch to using the Transform Points tool to reshape part of the object, even if you haven’t finished drawing the whole thing yet.
Third, the Transform Points tool lets you pick individual points by clicking on them - if you want to get rid of a point, but it’s too far back to use undo, select it with the Transform Points tool and press the backspace or delete key on your keyboard.
Feel free to be creative with your tree trunk, you don’t really have to stick to the sample below.
使用添加点工具和焊接功能,绘制一个类似于树干的形状。
这里有一些事情要记住:首先,如果您犯了错误,您可以随时使用编辑 > 撤消命令进行备份。
其次,您可以切换到使用变换点工具来重塑对象的一部分,即使您还没有完成整个物体的绘制。
第三,变换点工具允许您通过单击它们来选择单个点 - 如果您想摆脱一个点,但它太远而无法使用撤消,请使用变换点工具选择它并按下退格键或删除键 你的键盘。
随意对你的树干进行创意,你不必坚持下面的示例。
There are a few tools that may be useful when building your tree that haven’t been introduced yet. The Pan Workspace and Zoom Workspace tools can be used to move around the workspace.
Note that these tools are not used to manipulate your drawing - they just let you move your view so that you can focus in on a particular area of interest. To reset your view to its original position, select the View > Reset command from the menu bar.
Another useful tool is the Curvature tool. Using this tool, you can click and drag on a point to adjust how round or pointy the curve is as it passes through that point.
在构建树时,有一些工具可能有用,但尚未介绍。 平移工作区和缩放工作区工具可用于在工作区中移动。
请注意,这些工具不用于操作您的绘图 - 它们只是让您移动您的视图,以便您可以专注于特定的感兴趣区域。 要将视图重置为其原始位置,请从菜单栏中选择视图 > 重置命令。
另一个有用的工具是曲率工具。 使用此工具,您可以单击并拖动一个点来调整曲线通过该点时的圆度或尖度。
The last thing we’ll add in this tutorial is some greenery to the top of the tree. The shape for the treetop will be similar to the clouds, so follow similar steps to create it, but there is one tricky part. Because the treetop overlaps the trunk of the tree, it can be easy to click on the wrong part and add a new point to the trunk instead of the treetop.
我们将在本教程中添加的最后一件事是树顶的一些绿色植物。 树梢的形状将类似于云,因此请按照类似的步骤来创建它,但有一个棘手的部分。 因为树梢与树干重叠,所以很容易点击错误的部分并在树干上而不是树梢上添加一个新点。
有两种方法可以避免这个问题。
•一,使用平移和缩放工具靠近树的顶部移动,这样更容易避免点击错误的东西。
• 第二种方法是将树梢拉到有足够空间的一侧。 然后,当树顶完成后,将其拖回树顶的位置。
• 对于第二种方法,当您准备好将其移回原位时,使用变换点工具并单击以选择树顶上的一个点。 然后使用 Edit > Select Connected 命令选择树梢的其余部分。 最后,将树梢拖动到位,如有必要,使用变换点工具调整其大小。
在样式面板中选择一个漂亮的绿叶填充颜色。 将线宽设置为 4,稍后您会看到原因。
Use the Add Point tool to draw your treetop. Here’s the kind of look we’re going for:
使用添加点工具绘制树梢。 这是我们想要的外观:
选择“文件”>“预览”以查看树梢的外观。 注意线段的末端看起来是怎样的方形和块状。 我们将使用 Moho 的可变线宽功能来解决这个问题。
退出渲染窗口并按 Enter 取消选择树顶中的所有点。
现在,使用线宽工具,单击线段末端的树梢上的每个点。 线宽工具影响的区域由一个半透明的红色圆圈表示。 默认宽度为 0.5,相当大。 将宽度减小到 0.1 左右或更小,以便更好地控制要影响的区域。
Choose File > Preview again, and notice how the endpoints are now nicely tapered. This feature isn’t limited to endpoints - experiment with using it on other points along a curve. Also, try dragging the Line Width tool back and forth to make lines thinner or thicker.
再次选择“文件”>“预览”,注意端点现在是如何逐渐变细的。 此功能不仅限于端点 - 尝试在曲线上的其他点上使用它。 此外,尝试来回拖动线宽工具以使线条变细或变粗。
第 28 页的“教程 1.4:骨骼设置”将介绍使用骨骼来控制角色,您将学习如何设置一些动画控件来使物体移动。